ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ - θέματα και απαντήσεις πανελληνίων εξετάσεων 1986 - 2007
University Exams D. Education - Dimitris Sclias
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άλλα
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Προτείνουμε οι υποψήφιοι Αγγλικής φιλολογίας, πρώτα να διαβάζουν προσεχτικά την κάθε ερώτηση μετά,
έχοντας ένα πρόχειρο τετράδιο δίπλα τους, να προσπαθούν να απαντήσουν γραπτώς τις ερωτήσεις και στη
συνέχεια να συγκρίνουν την δική τους απάντηση με αυτή που δίδεται. Καλή επιτυχία!
Θέματα πανελλαδικών εξετάσεων της Αγγλικής γλώσσας του έτους 2007
Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείμενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη μορφή που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δημοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο:
Sir David Attenborough, an environmentalist and veteran broadcaster, detected signs of a “moral change” in the public’s attitude to global warming. He accepted that some people may find his views “optimistic” or “naive”, but he said that historical examples like the change in attitudes to slavery 200 years ago showed that society could undergo rapid and profound moral shifts.
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
Α. Ο σερ David Attenborough, ένας περιβαλλοντολόγος και βετεράνος παρουσιαστής, ανίχνευσε σημάδια «ηθικής αλλαγής» στην στάση του κοινού απέναντι στην αύξηση της παγκόσμιας θερμοκρασίας.
Παραδέχτηκε ότι κάποιοι άνθρωποι πιθανόν να βρουν τις ιδέες του
«αισιόδοξες» ή «αφελείς», αλλά είπε ότι ιστορικά παραδείγματα, όπως η
αλλαγή συμπεριφοράς απέναντι στην σκλαβιά 200 χρόνια πριν, έδειξαν ότι η κοινωνία θα μπορούσε να υποστεί ραγδαίες και ριζικές ηθικές αλλαγές.
«Είμαι βαθιά πεπεισμένος ότι το ζήτημα της αύξησης της παγκόσμιας θερμοκρασίας είναι υπαρκτό, και ότι οδεύουμε προς μια μεγαλύτερη επιδείνωση των συνθηκών για κάθε μορφή ζωής πάνω στον πλανήτη. Δεν έχω ουδεμία αμφιβολία για την αιτία, η οποία είναι τα υποπροϊόντα των ανθρώπινων δραστηριοτήτων και επομένως θα πρέπει να τα περιορίσουμε.» Αλλά θα μπορούσε να είναι πολύ δύσκολο να επιβάλλεις όρια στις ανθρώπινες δραστηριότητες, όπως στην ελευθερία τους να πετούν.
«Είναι ουτοπικό να λέμε ότι οι όλοι θα πρέπει να σταματήσουν να κάνουν
τα πάντα. Να γιατί το να επιμένουμε σ’ αυτό είναι άδικος κόπος», είπε. «Έχω περάσει τη ζωή μου τριγυρίζοντας σε όλο τον κόσμο, με αεροπλάνα. Πώς θα μπορούσα να γυρίσω ξαφνικά και να πω ότι είναι λάθος; Αυτό που λέω είναι ότι δεν θα πρέπει να το κάνουμε άσκοπα. Ο κόσμος αλλάζει κι εμείς πρέπει να κάνουμε κάτι!».
«The Guardian», 2 Ιουνίου
2007
Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις:
B1.a. Give a title to
the above text. (3 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
Β.1.a. “Changing
attitudes to global warming”
b. Rephrase the following: I have no doubt whatsoever
of the cause, which is the byproducts of humanity’s activities, and therefore
we should be curbing them.
Do not use the same words as the original. (6 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
b. The author is absolutely certain that the consequences of climate
change for the natural world are due to the mankind’s actions and it is our
responsibility to reduce such activities.
c. What does the author mean by the phrase: … the
change in attitudes to slavery 200 years ago showed that society could undergo
rapid and profound moral shifts. (6 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
c. The fact that society altered the way it treated issues such as
slavery, which was perfectly, socially acceptable 200 years ago, shows that society
can also change the way it treats even the most serious ones.
B2.a. What are some of the
byproducts of humanity’s activities which cause a great worsening of the
conditions on this planet? In a short paragraph discuss at least four
byproducts (not more than 50 words). (5 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
Β.2.a.
Suggestions
The fact that global human population has doubled means that it will
stress the planet’s farms ecosystems.
Carbon and fossil fuels emissions from automobiles..
Contamination of every part of the world’s oceans with industrial
poisons..
Intensive farming methods such as the use of fertilizers and pesticides
on farms..
Destruction of the rainforest..
b. Write a paragraph suggesting at least four everyday
actions that practically lead to an environmentally friendly life (not more
than 50 words). (5 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
b. Suggestions
Reduction of industrial waste by promoting
recycling and lessening its weight and volume.
Control of chemical substances harmful to the
environment.
Developing environmentally-friendly
technologies and measures.
Developing eco-friendly products based on product assessment.
Use alternative sources of energy such as solar or wind power.
c. The world is changing and we’ve got to do something.
Apart from global warming, how do you think the world
has changed in the 21st century? Write a short paragraph (not more than 50
words). (5 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
c. Suggestions
Greenhouse gases led to sea level rise, ozone layer and harmful sun rays.
Over consumption of infinite natural
resources. Water pollution is reducing the useable supply
of fresh water Traffic congestion makes the way of living intolerant.
Γ. Να γράψετε κείμενο 180 - 200 λέξεων με θέμα:
During a youth conference on employment the following
comments were made by teenagers presenting two different approaches:
“Job satisfaction is what matters to me.”
“I want a job that leaves me with plenty of leisure
time.”
Write a short article for a youth magazine commenting on
the above statements and supporting them with your own views. (45 points)
ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΗ:
Γ. Job Expectations.
We all spend a lot of time studying, both at school and university, to
get the job we want. But what are we looking for when we apply for a job?
For many of us, job satisfaction is what we seek. What’
s the point of earning lots of money if we end up hating the time we
spend at work? Having a job that is interesting an
stimulating is, surely, far more important than what it pays. It could be
something we will spend much of our lives doing so we should find something we
enjoy.
Others, however, see jobs as just a means to an end; that
nice round figure in our bank statement every month. What’s more
important to them is that a job gives them lots of free time and the
opportunity to do
what they want with their
lives. They want their nights free for socialising, the weekends reserved for
leisure activities a long summer vacations for rest and relaxation.
For a lucky few, leisure interests and career opportunities merge in a
happy union. The rest of us need to make the most of the job we get, while
enjoying whatever free time we have.
THE END Of 2007
**********************
ΠΕΜΠΤΗ
22 ΙΟΥΝΙΟΥ 2006
ΚΟΙΝΗ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΗ
ΟΛΩΝ ΤΩΝ
ΥΠΟΨΗΦΙΩΝ
ΣΤΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ
Α. Να
αποδώσετε στο
τετράδιό σας
στην ελληνική
γλώσσα το
παρακάτω
κείμενο,
προσδίδοντάς
του τη μορφή που
θα έπρεπε να
έχει, αν
επρόκειτο να
δημοσιευθεί σε
ελληνικό
έντυπο:
Katia Eliad, an artist, felt blocked in her creativity, out of touch
with herself and for some inexplicable reason unable to use green or blue in
her abstract paintings. So she started an unusual treatment: daily two hour
sessions of Mozart’s music for three weeks at a time. The impact, she says, was
dramatic. “It feels like I’ve done 10 years of psychoanalysis in just eight
months”. As for Mozart, “he’s become like a grandfather who calms you when you
wake up in the middle of a nightmare”.
Over the past decade, Mozart has increasingly been placed in a role that is the
most controversial of all: as healer of mind and body. But by far the most
widespread – and most disputed – recent claim is that Mozart can enhance your
brain power.
In this Mozart anniversary year, it seems, anything goes. Cagnozzi, a Tuscan
winemaker, has been piping Mozart to his vines for the past five years. Playing
Mozart to his grapes has a dramatic effect, he claims. “It ripens them faster”,
he says, adding that it also keeps away parasites and birds. With so little
understood about the psychological and physiological effects of music,
researchers are now studying Cagnozzi’s claims.
Time Europe, January 16, 2006
(25 points)
to pipe: παίζω μουσική
Απάντηση:
Η Katia Eliad, µια καλλιτέχνιδα, ένιωσε να µπλοκάρεται η δηµιουργικότητά της, να µη βρίσκεται σε επαφή µε τον εαυτό της και για κάποιο ανεξήγητο λόγο να µην µπορεί να χρησιµοποιήσει πράσινο ή µπλε στους αφηρηµένους πίνακές της. Έτσι ξεκίνησε µια ασυνήθιστη θεραπεία: καθηµερινά δίωρα ακούσµατα µουσικής του Mozart για τρεις εβδοµάδες τη φορά. Η επίδραση, λέει, ήταν θεαµατική. «Μοιάζει σα να έχω κάνει δέκα χρόνια ψυχανάλυση µόνο σε οκτώ µήνες. Όσον αφορά τον Mozart, «έχει γίνει σαν ένας παππούς ο οποίος σε ηρεµεί όταν ξυπνάς στη µέση ενός εφιάλτη».
Την τελευταία δεκαετία, όλο και περισσότερο δίνεται στον Mozart ένας ρόλος ο οποίος είναι ο πιο αµφιλεγόµενος από όλους: ως θεραπευτής του πνεύµατος και του σώµατος. Όµως ο κατά πολύ πιο διαδεδοµένος - και διαφιλονικούµενος – πρόσφατος ισχυρισµός είναι ότι ο Mozart µπορεί να ενισχύσει τη δύναµη του µυαλού.
Αυτό το χρόνο στην επέτειο του Mozart, φαίνεται ότι όλα ισχύουν. Ο Cagnozzi, ένας οινοπαραγωγός από την Τοσκάνη, παίζει µουσική του Mozart στα κλήµατά του τα τελευταία πέντε χρόνια. Ισχυρίζεται ότι το να παίζει Mozart στα σταφύλια του έχει θεαµατικό αποτέλεσµα. «Τα βοηθά να ωριµάσουν πιο γρήγορα», λέει, προσθέτοντας ότι κρατάει επίσης µακριά τα παράσιτα και τα πουλιά. Έχοντας κατανοήσει τόσο λίγα σχετικά µε τις επιδράσεις της µουσικής στην ψυχολογία και τη φυσιολογία, οι ερευνητές τώρα µελετούν τους ισχυρισµούς του Cagnozzi.
Time
Β.
Να απαντήσετε
στο τετράδιό
σας στα
αγγλικά στις
παρακάτω
ερωτήσεις:
B1. a. Give a title to the above text. (4 points)
Απάντηση:
Β1.
a. THE BENEVOLENT INFLUENCE OF
b. As for Mozart, “he’s become like a grandfather who
calms you when you wake up in the middle of a nightmare”. Why do you think
Katia Eliad uses this simile? Write a short paragraph of not more
than 50 words. (5 points)
Απάντηση:
b. Eliad’s
choice to compare Mozard to a grandfather is indicative of her attempt to
emphasize οn
elderly wisdom and experience which seems to be beneficial to those found in a
deadlock situation. Youngsters seem
to be at a loss
due to the sterility of everyday life whereas the elderly are endowed with the
qualities
to confront
similar situations.
c. Ιn this Mozart anniversary year, it seems,
anything goes. What does the author imply by the phrase “anything goes”? Write
your answer in a short paragraph of not more than 50 words. (6 points)
Απάντηση:
c. What the author denotes is that Mozard's talent is
versatile since, through his music he has the ability to reinforce brain power
as well as help individuals unleash their suppressed feelings and emotions.
B2. a. The article states that listening to classical
music can uplift your soul and make you smarter. What other things/ activities
may have a similar effect on people? Write a short paragraph, explaining the
effect of at least three activities. (Not more than 50 words). (4 points)
Απάντηση:
Β2. a. It is indisputable that
creative activities such as reading, taking uρ a sport and
painting have beneficial impact on people. Reading, for instance, helps people
broaden their horizons, enrich their knowledge as well
as escape daily
routine. Sports, on the other hand, promote team spirit as well as
collaboration and help individuals cope with demanding situations in which they
should be alert and quick-thinking. Last but not least, painting boosts
creativity and smoothes one's ruffled feathers.
b. Why do you think advertisers use music very often
when promoting their products? In a short paragraph give at least three
reasons. (Not more than 50 words). (6 points)
Απάντηση:
b. Advertising and
marketing are closely related to music. Those involved in advertising tend to
use music when launching their products bearing in mind that a catchy tune
makes an advertisement pleasing and easily remembered.
Moreover,
advertisements based on music are more popular to teenagers, who seem to be
their target group. All in all, advertisers are very much aware of the fact
that by adorning an advertisement with music they make
it less tedious
and monotonous.
c. Suppose you were a school psychologist. Would you
consider using music relaxation sessions at school?
Justify your answer. (Not more than 50 words). (5
points)
Απάντηση:
c. Music already constitutes a new approach as far as
pedagogical methods are concerned since it helps student’s relieve tension and
anxiety. Therefore, it would be wise to apply such sessions at school owing to
music enjoying a civilizing influence. Beyond this, music has been
traditionally accepted as a cultivation force of one's inner being.
Γ. Να γράψετε κείμενο 180
- 200 λέξεων με θέμα:
«European Year of Citizenship through Education”.
The Council of Europe with the contribution of school children across
Write a letter to the Council of
Sign the letter as N. Georgiou.
Απάντηση:
Γ. Dear Sirs,
Being a citizen
of the European Union, Ι should wish to share with you my thoughts
on Democratic Schools without Violence. It is a sad fact to witness violent
behaviour in European schools, an environment where the cultivation of arts and
letters have historically affected the ascension of man's spirit. Α basic cause of
violence has been the family background a child has grown up.
Families which
have suffered a divorce or exercised parental pressure, for various reasons, on
the children along with the lack of communication between parents and their offsprings,
constitute basic stimuli for violent attitude.
Α further incentive for violent
behaviour have been the diverse impetuses children receive from television and
cinema. It seems to me that these certainties have come to promote
individualism among children. Hence, teenagers resort to the formation of
various peer groups which long to be noticed by committing brutal
actions on
their school mates.
In my view,
local municipal administration could encourage courses on family togetherness
and the role of
family unity at
a time of difficulty. In addition, the state could provide the suffering
families with the help of social workers and psychologists in an attempt to
achieve balance in the family environment.
In terms of the
school terrain, the teachers ought to inspire communication and collaboration
to their students. The value of working as a team should be the guiding impulse
to life. What is more, every school should be equipped with the assistance of
experts on child development and behaviour rehabilitation.
Thank you for
your attention. I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours
sincerely,
Ν. Georgiou.
THE END Of 2006
********************
ΤΡΙΤΗ 21 ΙΟΥΝΙΟΥ 2005
ΣΤΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ
Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείμενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη μορφή
που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δημοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο:
For more than a decade,
Britons have listened to claims that the internet would transform their lives;
that it would affect the manner in which they do business, interact socially,
even think and behave. Often, the predictions have seemed premature or
exaggerated, but a far reaching new survey from the Oxford Internet Institute
makes clear that the spread of the net has indeed changed family life in subtle
yet profound ways.
Drawn from interviews in
nearly 2,200 British households, the
this month, provides the
first detailed snapshot of what we as a nation do when we are online.
Of active users,
similar number believe it
to be of general benefit to daily life.
The average user spends 1
hour per day online; 9% say they spend less time with their family, 17% read
fewer books and a whopping 28% watch less television.
The net is also changing
the way we shop, learn, think, maintain relationships and make new friends.
Significantly, the third most popular online activity is given as “surfing” :
trawling the net has become
a leisure activity in its own right. People log on to relax after a hard day’s
work just as they once tuned into the television.
The Sunday Times, June 12, 2005 (25 points)
whopping : τεράστιος, συγκλονιστικός
to trawl : ερευνώ, ψάχνω επισταμένως
surfing : πλοήγηση
Απάντηση:
Για περισσότερο από μια δεκαετία, οι Βρετανοί ακούν εικασίες/ ισχυρισμούς ότι το Ιντερνετ/Διαδίκτυο, θα
αλλάξει την ζωή τους, ότι θα επηρέαζε τον τρόπο που 'κάνουν δουλειές', επικοινωνούν σε κοινωνικό
επίπεδο, ακόμη και τον τρόπο που σκέπτονται ή συμπεριφέρνονται.
Αρκετές φορές, αυτές οι προβλέψεις θεωρήθηκαν πρώιμες ή υπερβολικές, αλλά μια μεγάλη έρευνα από το
ινστιτούτο Internet της Οξφόρδης, δείχνει με σαφήνεια ότι η εξάπλωση του διαδικτύου έχει όντως αλλάξει
την οικογενειακή ζωή, ίσως όχι τόσο εμφανώς, αλλά ουσιαστικά.
Αντλώντας στοιχεία από συνεντεύξεις που διεξήχθησαν σε σχεδόν 2.200 Βρετανικές οικογένειες, η έρευνα
για το Ιντερνετ της Οξφόρδης, που θα δημοσιευθεί αργότερα αυτό το μήνα, παρέχει την πρώτη λεπτομερή
εικόνα του τι κάνουμε σαν λαός όταν είμαστε συνδεδεμένοι στο Ιντερνετ.
Σε κάθε 10 ενεργούς χρήστες οι 7 θεωρούν το διαδίκτυο σημαντικό ή πολύ σημαντικό στον τρόπο ζωής τους,
και άλλοι τόσοι πιστεύουν ότι είναι πολύ ωφέλιμο στην καθημερινή τους ζωή. Ο μέσος χρήστης περνάει
μια ώρα τη μέρα στο διαδίκτυο, το 9% λένε ότι περνούν λιγότερο χρόνο με την οικογένεια τους, το 17%
διαβάζουν λιγότερα βιβλία και ένα συγκλονιστικό 28% παρακολουθεί λιγότερη τηλεόραση.
Το διαδίκτυο επηρεάζει σημαντικά και τον τρόπο που ψωνίζουμε, μαθαίνουμε, σκεπτόμαστε, διατηρούμε
σχέσεις και κάνουμε νέους φίλους. Είναι απαραίτητο να επισημάνουμε ότι η πλοήγηση στο διαδίκτυο είναι
η τρίτη πιο δημοφιλής δραστηριότητα και η τακτική έρευνα στο διαδίκτυο έχει δικαιωματικά γίνει μια
ασχολία ελεύθερου χρόνου. Οι άνθρωποι συνδέονται στο διαδίκτυο για να ξεκουραστούν μετά από μια
μέρα σκληρής εργασίας με τον ίδιο τρόπο που κάποτε συντονίζονταν στην τηλεόραση τους.
Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις:
B1. a. Give a
title to the above text. (4 points)
Απάντηση:
'Predictions that the
internet changes lives is shown to be true.'
b. What does the
author mean by the phrase “the spread of the net has indeed changed family life
in subtle
yet profound
ways”? (Not more than 40 words) (5 points)
Απάντηση:
The growing use of the
internet has had a substantial effect on the way family members communicate
with and react to each
other although these changes are fairly discreet and so are not immediately
obvious.
c. Rephrase the
following by using your own words to express the meaning of the text : “Drawn
from interviews in nearly 2,200 British households, the
Απάντηση:
"Drawn from interviews
in nearly 2,200 British house holds, the
this month, provides this
first detailed snapshot of what we as a nation do when we are online."
The
later this month. The
survey offers the first detailed picture of how the British are using the
internet.
B2. a. What are
some of the dangers of the use of the internet by young people? In a short
paragraph discuss at least four possible dangers. (Not more than 50 words). (4
points)
Απάντηση:
Young people may spend too
many hours surfing the net and so do not communicate with their family
and friends. The internet
stops them reading books and affects the way they think. Meeting people on the
internet can be dangerous and they may look at unsuitable sites.
b. In your
opinion how has the internet changed our lives positively? In a short paragraph
discuss at least
three possible
benefits of the internet to our daily lives. (Not more than 50 words). (6
points)
Απάντηση:
The internet has made the
global communication easier. We also have immediate access to world news.
It allows us to learn about
other cultures and to become more understanding and sympathetic to others.
It is particularly useful
for international business as well as social and personal communication.
c. After a
tiring day at school do you prefer to relax by reading a book, watching TV or
surfing the net?
In a short
paragraph give reasons for your choice. (Not more than 50 words). (5 points)
Απάντηση:
I enjoy the net because I
find it relaxing, fun and informative. I particularly enjoy playing games such
as
backgammon and listening to
music. I prefer to see the news on the internet because I can focus on the
stories that I am
interested in. I prefer the net to reading books because books remind me of
schoolwork.
Γ. Να γράψετε κείμενο 180 - 200 λέξεων με θέμα:
Next month your
school magazine will deal with the following issue : “The arts, such as music,
dance, painting
and theatre, are
vitally important to students’ education and should therefore receive as much
emphasis as
mathematics,
science, language and other mainstream subjects”. Write an article for your
school magazine,
discussing your
views on the above topic. Do not sign the article. (45 points)
Απάντηση:
There is much debate about the importance of the arts in mainstream
education and, as in most cases,
there are two sides to every story.
I personally believe that some education in the arts is of the utmost
importance for all children. I believe that
everyone should be encouraged to develop their creative side. They do
not have to be particularly talented,
but just given the chance to express themselves in a way that they
enjoy.
On the other hand, there must be a balance in education and other
subjects such as maths, science and
languages are of equal importance and all students should be urged to
develop their skills in all areas
as much as they can.
It can be argued however, that many students who are academically weak,
are often very good at art,
drama or music and if they are given the chance to develop their
artistic talents, they will grow in confidence
and this will help them in other aspects of their life.
In conclusion, I would say that education needs to be balanced in all
areas but with the opportunity for the
individual to shine in their personally chosen field of study.
THE END Of 2005
******************
ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΗ 18 ΙΟΥΝΙΟΥ 2004
ΣΤΑ ΑΓΓΛΙΚΑ
Α. Να αποδώσετε στο τετράδιό σας στην ελληνική γλώσσα το παρακάτω κείµενο, προσδίδοντάς του τη µορφή
που θα έπρεπε να έχει, αν επρόκειτο να δηµοσιευθεί σε ελληνικό έντυπο:
Not so long ago there was
an equal balance of men and women in Professor Phillip Brown’s sociology
classes. Now there isn’t. In a recent lecture there were just five men in the
group of 50 he was teaching. And it’s not just sociology.
Throughout the
like flies before a
thunderstorm.
Driven by success at
school, girls are going into higher education in ever increasing numbers. Over the
last decade more than 70% of the increase in undergraduates in the
Brown is co-author of a
controversial book which argues that the need for graduate workers is not as
great
as the government predicts
and that too many employers are asking for graduate skills they don’t need.
He believes middle-class
boys are as interested in going to university as they ever were, but that
working-class boys continue to be as uninterested as ever. The shift is
occurring as a result of working-class girls and women seeking higher
qualifications, because more jobs need credentials*, thereby increasing the
gender gap.
Education Guardian Weekly, May 18, 2004
(25 points)
*to skew = ανατρέπω
*credential = απόδειξη γνώσεων/διαπιστευτήριο
Απάντηση:
Δεν πάνε πολλά χρόνια που υπήρχα ισάριθμοι άντρες και γυναίκες στις τάξεις κοινωνιολογίας του καθηγητή
Phillip Brown. Αυτό δεν συμβαίνει τώρα πια. Σε μια πρόσφατη διάλεξη υπήρχαν μόνο 5 άνδρες στο γκρουπ
των 50 ατόμων που δίδασκε. Και αυτό δεν αφορά μόνο την κοινωνιολογία. Στον ευρύτερο χώρο της
εκπαίδευσης στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία, οι γυναίκες είναι κυρίαρχες σε αριθμό ενώ οι άνδρες εξαφανίζονται
όπως οι μύγες πριν από την καταιγίδα.
Με στόχο την επιτυχία τους στο σχολείο, όλο και περισσότερα κορίτσια μπαίνουν στην ανώτερη εκπαίδευση.
Μόλις την τελευταία δεκαετία, πάνω από 70% των αποφοίτων στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία είναι θηλυκού γένους.
Και δεν είναι μόνο οι απόφοιτοι της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης που ανατρέπουν αυτή την ισσοροπία.
Γυναίκες στα τριάντα τους μπαίνουν στο πανεπιστήμιο σαν "ώριμοι" φοιτητές.
Ο Brown, με άλλον ένα συγγραφέα, έχει γράψει ένα επίμαχο βιβλίο στο οποίο και ισχυρίζεται ότι η ανάγκη
για πτυχιούχους εργάτες δεν είναι τόσο μεγάλη όσο προβλέπει το κράτος και ότι πολλοί εργοδότες απαιτούν
ακαδημαϊκά προσόντα τα οποία δεν χρειάζονται. Πιστεύει ότι τα αγόρια της μεσαίας τάξης ακόμα ενδιαφέρονται
να πάνε πανεπιστήμιο όπως γινόταν και παλιά αλλά τα αγόρια της εργατικής τάξης συνεχίζουν να είναι
αδιάφορα όπως πάντα. Η αλλαγή αυτή είναι αποτέλεσμα της αναζήτησης υψηλοτέρων τυπικών προσόντων
από τα κορίτσια και τις γυναίκες της εργατικής τάξης, εφόσον όλο και περισσότερες θέσεις εργασίας
απαιτούν πιστοποιητικά γνώσεων και έτσι με αυτό τον τρόπο μεγαλώνει το χάσμα μεταξύ των δύο φύλων.
Β. Να απαντήσετε στο τετράδιό σας στα αγγλικά στις παρακάτω ερωτήσεις:
B1. a. Give a
title to the above text.
Απάντηση:
'The changing gender balance
in Higher education'
b. Rephrase the
following. (Do not use the same words from the original) :
"The shift
is occurring as a result of working-class girls and women seeking higher
qualifications, because
More jobs need
credentials, thereby increasing the gender gap".
Απάντηση:
The change in the
proportion of men to women in higher education has come about because many
lower
income females need
university degrees to find work, thus the growing disparity between the sexes.
c. ......... men
are disappearing like flies before a thunderstorm.
Why do you think
the author uses this simile ? (about 30 words). (5 points)
Απάντηση:
The author's simile
emphasises the rapidly decreasing number of men in higher education because
women's
need for qualifications has
been a powerful driving force that has dramatically affected the educational
status quo.
B2. a. Why do
you think a school leaver may not be interested in going into higher education
? Write a short paragraph giving at least four reasons. (Not more than 50
words).
Απάντηση:
Many school leavers start
work immediately to guarantee an income in a society where finding a job is
becoming increasingly
difficult. A degree is no longer expensive and guarantees a career and
following
a parent's footsteps in an
established business, or learning a trade, are becoming more attractive
options for the young.
b. In a short
paragraph give at least three factors which may determine the choice of a job.
(Not more than
50 words).
Απάντηση:
Traditionally young people
have followed the career path of a parent and this is still common today.
However
with the globalization of
the workplace, it is often the availability of work that determines choice.
Also,
factors such as salary or working
conditions define the job a person will choose.
c. What other
factors besides a university degree guarantee a successful career ? In a short
paragraph write
at least four
other factors. (Not more than 50 words).
Απάντηση:
In my opinion there are a
lot of factors that guarantee a successful career. The most important are that
the person seeking a career
should have a strong personality, responsibility, determination and of course
to be willing to work hard
in order to succeed. Furthermore, knowing people in key positions in business
helps a lot. Having more
skills also helps, such as speaking languages or having a second university
degree.
Γ. Να γράψετε κείµενο 180 - 200 λέξεων µε θέµα:
Reality show
upon reality show appear on many TV channels. Write an essay discussing the
reasons why more
and more young
people participate in reality shows.
Απάντηση:
In recent years the most successful TV shows have been the 'Big Brother'
style of reality show, involving a number of young people, recorded by cameras
over a number of weeks. Many people are almost desperate
to appear in them, for reasons that have gone beyond these shows just
being the latest fashion.
Firstly, it is believed that fame is the foremost factor behind many
people's desire to participate in reality
shows. Players know that the TV channels are interested, and newspapers
will all focus on them as
'over-night' stars. It does not involve years of hard work, only the
benefit of being recognized. Not only
the winner, but also many players may go into a range of lucrative
careers through their newly
acquired fame.